Robinson Jeffers (1887-1962) was born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, and settled in Carmel, California, where he built Tor House and Hawk Tower by hand on the Pacific coast. He developed a philosophy he called inhumanism, shifting emphasis from human concerns toward the non-human world. His major works include Tamar and Other Poems (Peter G. Boyle, 1924), Roan Stallion, Tamar and Other Poems (Boni and Liveright, 1925), and The Double Axe and Other Poems (Random House, 1948). He was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Letters.
